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The Right Beneficiaries for Your IRA |
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Reprinted with permission of Investment Representative Celine Richardson of EdwardJones
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Friday, 02 November 2007 |
Do you invest in either a traditional or Roth IRA? If so, you're making a smart move, because an IRA offers you a tax-advantaged way to save money for retirement. And of course, you want to save as much as you can, because you could spend two or even three decades as a retiree. But if you don't use all your IRA funds, what will happen to them? It's up to you - but your decision can have a big impact on your family, so you'll want to plan carefully.
The dispersal of your IRA depends on the beneficiary or beneficiaries you've named. And when it comes to designating beneficiaries, you have several choices. Here are some of the most common ones:
- You can designate your spouse. If you select your spouse
as beneficiary, you are providing him or her with considerable
flexibility in what to do with the money. That's because your
surviving spouse can roll over the IRA assets into his or her
own IRA. This allows your spouse to name new beneficiaries and
postpone taking required minimum distributions until he or she
reaches age 70-1/2
- You can designate a child, grandchild or non-spouse beneficiary.
If you name a child or grandchild as your IRA beneficiary, that
person can take distributions based on his or her own life expectancy.
If the beneficiary is a young person, the distributions can
then be "stretched out" over a long period, which can help enhance
the potential tax-deferred growth of your IRA assets.
- You can name a trust as a beneficiary. You don't have
to name a human being as your IRA beneficiary - you can name
a trust, which is a legal arrangement giving you great control
over how, and when, the IRA assets will be distributed. By designating
a trust as beneficiary, you can accomplish any of several goals.
For example, if you have remarried, a trust can provide a lifetime
income stream to your current spouse, with the remaining assets
ultimately passing to your children from an earlier marriage.
A trust can also let you decide when your children or grandchildren
can receive the assets in your IRA, and how much they can get
at any one time. In addition, a trust can enable you to make
charitable gifts while gaining tax benefits. (To create a trust,
which can be a complex instrument, you'll need to consult with
your legal advisor.)
- You can name multiple beneficiaries. If you'd like
to split your IRA among several children, you can name them
all as beneficiaries. Once you die, the life expectancy of the
oldest beneficiary generally will be used to determine the payout
period for all the beneficiaries. However, each beneficiary
can choose to create his or her own IRA, called an "inherited
IRA," as long as all these separate accounts are established
by December 31 of the year following your death. The inherited
IRA owners can then take distributions based on their individual
life expectancies.
Your financial and legal advisors can assist you in choosing appropriate
IRA beneficiary designations. Take the time to choose wisely. After
all, you've worked hard for many years to build your IRA, so you'll
want to make sure it ends up in the right hands at the right times.
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